Gene: a unit of heredity that is transferred from parent to offspring
Heredity: the study of the patterns of genetic inheritance Pedigree: a visual diagram that shows relationships among individuals and patterns of inheritance Punnett Square: a four-square tool that geneticists use to predict genotypic and phenotypic ratios of offspring in one generation Genotype: set of genes that determine a trait (example: Aa, AA, aa) Phenotype: observable physical traits of an organism (example: height, hair color, eye color) Heterozygous: one dominant and one recessive allele is present in an individual (Aa) Homozygous: two dominant or two recessive alleles are present in an individual (AA, aa) Genetic Disease: a disease that is inherited genetically and may be impacted by environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and behaviors (Examples: cancer, sickle cell anemia, Cystic Fibrosis, Alzheimer’s Disease, etc.)
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